Palforzia: An Effective Treatment for Peanut Allergies

5 October 2021

About one million children in the United States suffer from peanut allergies. Only one out of five of these children will overcome it. Peanut allergies are the most life-threatening food allergies a child can have. Allergy sufferers must strictly avoid exposure for the sake of preventing severe and potentially life-threatening reactions.

But thanks to Palforzia, a new peanut allergy medicine, severe complications are less likely to occur. The article will explain what the treatment involves and decide if it's appropriate for your child.

FDA Approves Palforzia

Palforzia is a powder derived from peanuts. Through a process known as oral immunotherapy, it decreases the severity and occurrence of allergic reactions. When it comes to allergies, immunotherapy entails exposing a patient gradually to the allergen they are intolerant of, like peanuts in this instance. A small amount of the powder is progressively given to patients until their bodies no longer recognize it as a foreign substance.

This new medicine is the first and only medicine approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat peanut allergy in children and adolescents (ages 4 to 17). If a patient turns 18 during the duration of the treatment, they must keep taking it. Furthermore, if a child or teenager started taking this medicine when they were young, they could continue taking it as an adult unless advised otherwise by their physician.

Patients can only receive this treatment through a strict Palforzia Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy (REMS) program. Learn more about the FDA approval of this peanut allergy medicine in this link.

Palforzia for Children and Teens: What You Should Know

In this section, you will find information describing how Palforzia works and its administration process. Other crucial details are the potential side effects and preventive measures you should take.

How does it work?

Palforzia powder is available in color-coded, pre-measured capsules to ensure your child takes the right amount at each stage. Your child cannot take the powder on its own. Instead, pop the capsule open and mix it into soft foods such as pudding, yogurt, or applesauce to use the medicine.

The purpose of Palforzia is to build a tolerance to peanut protein. Peanut allergy therapy with Palforzia consists of three stages.

Dose escalation
Dose increase
Maintenance Phase

Patients who receive their first dose of the medicine are always under the supervision of a healthcare professional. Moreover, healthcare providers must administer the first dose of each up-dose or stage that patients receive. This process allows doctors to monitor patients closely in case of an adverse reaction.

Three Stages of Palforzia Immunotherapy

This first phase, called initial dose escalation, occurs in the doctor's office over four hours. Your child will receive small doses of peanut protein ranging from 0.5 mg to 6 mg. If they can tolerate 3 mg, they can proceed to the next stage.

The second step is up-dosing, which entails administering peanut protein regularly for six months. Every doctor's visit, the allergist will gradually increase the dose.

Next comes the maintenance phase, where a minimum dose is taken every day. You simply open the sachet and administer it with soft food as you normally would. Over time, the maintenance phase allows your child to maintain their tolerance to peanuts.

Also, it is important for families who plan to use Palforzia to recognize that it involves several doctor visits over six months, daily drug consumption, and a commitment to follow through.

Are there any side effects?

The Palforzia treatment involves intentionally exposing patients to peanut allergens. For this reason, some side effects should be expected. This is why each new dose level is supervised carefully at the allergist's office. Side effects can range from mild to moderate. Clinical studies have shown that common side effects include:

feeling unwell
stomachache
cough
breathing difficulties
sneezing and wheezing
runny nose
nausea
hives or itchiness
burning or itching in the mouth
itching throat

Is it a permanent cure for peanut allergy?

Palforzia does not eradicate peanut allergies, but it can help reduce symptoms along with a peanut-avoidance diet. Although it's not a permanent cure for the allergy, it can significantly reduce the severity of your child's reaction to unintentional exposure.

Precautionary Measures in Taking Palforzia

Here are some precautionary measures that you should strictly follow:

First and foremost, you should not use Palforzia as an emergency treatment during an allergic reaction.
During the treatment, especially in the early stages, your child must adhere to a strict peanut-free diet.
Your child can only take the capsule once a day. Changing the dosage of Palforzia without a health provider's approval can have dangerous consequences.
Usually, side effects appear within an hour of taking the medicine. For monitoring symptoms, stay awake for one hour or more after taking a dose.
Avoid exercise, hot baths, or showers for three hours after taking Palforzia. These activities may increase the risk of adverse reactions. Thus, it's vital to cool down and bring your heart rate to normal before taking the dose.
Patients with uncontrolled asthma should not take the treatment.
Although rare, anaphylaxis may occur that requires immediate medical treatment. That's why Palforzia users must continue to carry EpiPens in case of severe allergic reactions.
Patients taking Palforzia capsules should not inhale or swallow the powder alone. You can't mix it with liquid either.

Take the First Step to Relieve Peanut Allergy

If your child suffers from peanut allergies, this FDA-approved treatment will help lessen the severity of their allergies. If you are interested in Palforzia for your child, talk to a trusted allergy specialist to learn more about the PALFORZIA REMS program. Call or schedule an appointment online with Allergy Affiliates today!

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Exploring Treatment Options for Insect Sting Allergies

by Allergy Affiliates • 20 July 2025

Understanding Insect Sting Allergies Introduction Insect sting allergies can range from minor irritations to severe, life-threatening reactions. As individuals enjoy outdoor activities, the risk of insect stings and the potential for an allergic reaction increases. Understanding the nature of these allergies and exploring the available treatment options can significantly enhance safety and quality of life for those who are allergic. This article delves into the symptoms, risk factors, and diagnostic approaches related to insect sting allergies, aiming to provide a comprehensive guide for managing and treating these conditions effectively. Understanding Insect Sting Allergies Insect stings can elicit allergic reactions when a person's immune system overreacts to the venom injected by insects such as bees, wasps, hornets, yellow jackets, or fire ants. For individuals with insect sting allergies, exposure can lead to intense reactions, making it crucial to recognize symptoms and take preventive measures. Common Symptoms and Reactions The symptoms of insect sting allergies can vary from mild to severe and may occur immediately after the sting or develop over a few hours. Common symptoms include: - Localized Reactions : Initial signs typically involve redness, swelling, and pain at the sting site. These symptoms are common and usually subside within a few hours. - Mild Systemic Reactions : These extend beyond the sting site, causing hives, itchiness, or swelling in other body parts. - Severe Systemic Reactions (Anaphylaxis) : In sensitized individuals, this can lead to difficulty breathing, a drop in blood pressure, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and even loss of consciousness. Anaphylaxis is a medical emergency requiring immediate attention and treatment with an epinephrine auto-injector. Understanding and recognizing these symptoms are vital, especially for individuals living in areas with high insect activity or those with a history of reactions. Risk Factors for Severe Allergic Reactions Certain factors may increase individuals' risk of developing severe allergic reactions to insect stings: - Previous Anaphylactic Reactions : Those who have experienced severe reactions in the past are more likely to have similar or worse reactions upon subsequent stings. - Multiple Stings : Receiving multiple stings at once can increase venom levels in the body, heightening the risk of a severe reaction. - Underlying Health Conditions : Conditions such as asthma or a family history of allergic reactions may predispose some individuals to more intense reactions. - Age and Occupation : Young children and adults who work outdoors or engage in activities where insects are common may face enhanced exposure risk. Reducing these risks involves proactive measures such as wearing protective clothing and utilizing insect repellents when necessary. Diagnosing Insect Sting Allergies Accurate diagnosis is critical for managing insect sting allergies effectively. Diagnostic processes typically include: - Detailed Medical History : A physician will review the patient’s reaction history, identifying possible insect sting triggers and assessing previous symptoms. - Skin Testing : This involves placing small amounts of insect venom on the skin's surface with a small needle prick. Observing the skin's reaction helps determine sensitization. - Blood Tests : Specific IgE blood tests can confirm the presence of antibodies to particular insect venoms, providing further insight into allergy severity. Seeking consultation with an allergist is essential for individuals who suspect an allergy. Such specialists can effectively evaluate symptoms and provide a tailored treatment plan that may include prescription of emergency medication and discussing long-term management strategies such as venom immunotherapy. Experts can effectively evaluate symptoms and provide a personalized treatment plan. This may involve prescribing emergency medication and exploring long-term management options such as venom immunotherapy. The ability to recognize and address insect sting allergies adequately can substantially reduce their impact on one's daily life and offer a sense of security during outdoor pursuits. It is essential for those with known allergies to consult an allergist regularly and remain educated on the latest developments in treatment and prevention strategies. Immediate Treatment Options When an insect sting occurs, it is crucial to act swiftly to manage symptoms and prevent severe reactions. Immediate treatment not only alleviates discomfort but also plays a critical role in averting life-threatening situations. Below, we explore basic first aid measures, emergency responses for severe reactions, and the strategic use of epinephrine auto-injectors. Basic First Aid for Insect Stings Basic first aid can be immensely helpful in reducing pain and swelling following an insect sting. Here are the essential steps: - Remove the Stinger : If a stinger is still lodged in the skin, carefully scrape it out with a blunt object like a credit card. Avoid using tweezers, as squeezing the stinger can release more venom. - Clean the Area : Wash the affected area with soap and water to remove dirt and prevent infection. - Apply a Cold Compress : Use an ice pack or a cloth soaked in cold water to reduce swelling and numb the pain. Apply it intermittently for 10-minute intervals. - Take Oral Antihistamines : Over-the-counter antihistamines, such as diphenhydramine (Benadryl), can help mitigate itching and swelling. - Apply Topical Treatments : Hydrocortisone cream or calamine lotion may be used to soothe itching and irritation. These steps are effective for mild reactions, but they are not sufficient for severe allergic responses. Emergency Response for Severe Reactions A serious allergic reaction, or anaphylaxis, to an insect sting requires immediate medical attention. Recognizing the symptoms is the first critical step. Symptoms may include trouble breathing, swelling of the face or throat, rapid pulse, dizziness, or loss of consciousness. If anaphylaxis is suspected: - Call 911 Immediately : Emergency medical personnel can provide life-saving interventions. - Position the Victim Properly : Lay the person flat and elevate their legs slightly. If they are vomiting or have trouble breathing, turn them on their side. - Monitor Breathing and Circulation : Be prepared to administer CPR if the person ceases to breathe or their heart stops. The Use of Epinephrine Auto-Injectors Epinephrine auto-injectors are essential tools for those with known severe insect sting allergies. Here’s how to use them effectively: - Know When to Use It : Administer the auto-injector at the first sign of a severe allergic reaction. - Follow the Instructions : Familiarize yourself with the specific auto-injector you have, as instructions can vary slightly. - Administer the Injection : Inject into the outer thigh, pressing firmly until the needle is deployed. Hold it in place as directed to ensure the medication is fully delivered. - Seek Emergency Medical Attention : Using an epinephrine auto-injector is only a part of the emergency response. Further medical evaluation and treatment are necessary even if symptoms temporarily subside. Long-Term Treatment Solutions Beyond immediate intervention, it is essential for individuals with severe insect allergies to pursue long-term treatment strategies. These treatments can significantly reduce the risk of future reactions and improve quality of life. Allergy Shots for Bee and Wasp Stings Allergy shots, officially known as allergen immunotherapy, are a common long-term treatment for insect sting allergies. They involve periodic injections of small amounts of venom to build up immunity over time. The procedure generally follows two phases: - Build-Up Phase : Injections are given weekly or bi-weekly for several months, gradually increasing in dosage. - Maintenance Phase : Once the optimum dosage is reached, injections are administered monthly for three to five years. Venom Immunotherapy Explained Venom immunotherapy (VIT) is highly effective in preventing future allergic reactions to insect stings. Here’s what you need to know: - Effectiveness : VIT can reduce the risk of systemic allergic reactions from stings by approximately 97% after adequate treatment. - Eligibility : Most individuals who have experienced an anaphylactic reaction to insect stings are candidates for VIT. - Commitment : VIT requires regular follow-up with an allergist, making adherence crucial for long-term success. Rush Immunotherapy for Quick Protection For those in need of rapid protection, rush immunotherapy offers an accelerated solution. - Process : Multiple injections are administered over a few days to quickly build up immunity. - Benefits : This approach provides faster protection, which can be beneficial for those entering an active insect season. - Considerations : While effective, rush immunotherapy may present a higher risk of side effects and requires close medical supervision. Exploring these long-term treatment solutions with a qualified allergist ensures that individuals with insect sting allergies find the most suitable strategy tailored to their needs and lifestyle. Through a combination of immediate and ongoing care, the risk and severity of allergic reactions can be greatly minimized. Preventive Measures for Insect Sting Allergies Preventive measures are crucial for individuals prone to insect sting allergies. By implementing effective strategies, it is possible to reduce the likelihood of stings and subsequent allergic reactions. Identifying and Avoiding High-Risk Areas Insects such as bees, wasps, hornets, and fire ants are known offenders when it comes to stings. These stinging insects are often found in specific environments: - Gardens and Parks : Flowering plants attract bees, while picnic areas often become breeding grounds for these insects. - Wooded Areas : Hornets and wasps typically construct their nests in trees. - Yards with Unattended Trash : Open garbage cans or uncovered food can draw these insects. To minimize exposure, it is advisable to familiarize yourself with these areas and adjust your outdoor activities accordingly. Tips for Reducing Exposure to Stinging Insects There are numerous effective practices that can help reduce exposure to stinging insects: - Dress Appropriately : Wearing long-sleeved shirts and pants can provide a barrier against stings. - Avoid Using Strong Fragrances : Perfumes and scented lotions can attract insects. - Choose Light-Colored Clothing : Dark or bright colors might attract more attention from bees and wasps. - Inspect Outdoor Areas : Before settling down for outdoor activities, ensure the area is clear of nests and active insects. - Secure Food and Drinks : Keep food covered and drinks sealed to avoid attracting stingers. By incorporating these tips into your daily routine, you can greatly lessen the risk of encountering stinging insects. Preventive Options for Children Children are particularly vulnerable to insect stings due to their playful behavior and curiosity. Preventive measures specifically tailored for children include: - Educate Your Child : Teach them to recognize stinging insects and to avoid them. - Keep Snacks Covered : When outside, ensure that all sweets and snacks are in closed containers. - Supervision During Outdoor Play : Monitor outdoor activities and ensure play areas are free of nests and hives. - Consider Medical Identification : Children with known severe allergies may benefit from wearing a medical alert bracelet. Implementing these preventive strategies can help keep children safe and reduce the risk of distress caused by insect stings. Conclusion Insect sting allergies can be serious and potentially life-threatening, but there are effective treatments available to manage symptoms and reduce risks. The combination of immediate first aid, emergency epinephrine use, and long-term venom immunotherapy provides a comprehensive approach to treatment. By working closely with an allergist, individuals can customize a treatment plan that fits their specific needs. It's crucial to stay informed about preventative measures and treatment options to ensure safety and peace of mind during outdoor activities.